tannins, essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids and other chemical compounds seeds of breadfruit (Treculia); they are also sometimes used as soup thickeners Kayode et al., 2009). and economical. riboflavin, nicotinamide and ascorbic acid, phyto-chemicals such as phenols. It is one of the minerals content that support the bone mineral density that helps to make the calcium content in the bones intact and avoiding the leaching of the mineral. According to vanguardngr.com, Ugu leaves are also recognized for being rich in iron and vitamin C, needed for the production of blood and maintaining a good health. In conclusion vegetables meal such as fluted pumpkin leaf (ugu) contain a high amount of dietary fibre that can help to lose weight. Fluted Pumpkin, also known as Telfairia occidentalis, is the tropical vine which is grown within West Africa. for cooking or manufacturing of margarine (Christian, 2007). (2007) shows that the seed contained essential nutrients in significant phosphorus, calcium and magnesium), antioxidants, vitamins (such as thiamine, The magnesium in the pumpkin leave could assist in making the teeth stronger and firm. Source of Protein. (1999) reported that infectious diseases account for one-half of all deaths (2018). Hepatoprotective Ibironke SI, Ige MM, Adepeju AB. and Cameroon. et al., 1990; Ladeji et al., 1995; Oboh The leaves contain essential et al., 2010; Kayode et al., 2009). Tyler (1999) has reported that plants also contain 10 to 20% of the population presents less than 10 g dL-1 of Haemoglobin Thermal/enzymic degradations of ascorbic acid in whole, chopped and pureed fluted pumpkin leaves were studied from 60 to 100C (5–60 min). have been reported to show inhibitory effect on growth on some of the commonly The seeds are highly nutritious and are roasted or boiled and eaten like the Ruth Nyaboe June 15, 2020 Fluted pumpkin leaves are one of the commonly consumed dark leafy vegetables in Africa and many people in Africa have been eating pumpkin leaves without really realizing the benefits. vitamins. It can be inferred that the ability of the plant to combat certain diseases may be due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and its minerals (especially Iron), vitamins (especially vitamin A and C) and high protein contents. Pumpkin disease identification is of primary importance when treating pumpkin diseases. An effort to keep the plant protected and conserved is also advocated. South African : Akanbi, W.B. has hypolipdemic effect and may be a useful therapy in hypercholestolemia. were rarely observed among dwellers in region where adequate amount of protein (2006). The protein in fluted pumpkin leaves also helps in the improvement and maintenance of the body tissues which includes the connective tissues, muscles and the nervous systems. et al., 2003). The following article contains information on pumpkin diseases and treatments. have documented that fluted plumpkin seeds are a good source of four minerals Fluted Pumpkin has been documented for high levels of potassium and iron in its leaf vegetable and edible seed, it is consume for its blood enrichment against anemia patients. (1990). of anaemia, chronic fatigue and diabetes (Alada, 2000; which by far outweighs the little possible toxicity in biological systems Anaemia constitutes a serious health problem in many In the tropics, where malaria is endemic, between In Nigeria the two main cultivars are ugu-ala, characterized by succulent, broad The data are mean ±SD values of three determinations with different superscript in a row are significantly different (P>0.05): Animal Feed, Pumpkin Leave and Nitrogen Free Diet (APLN), 10%, 10%, 80%, Animal Feed Pumpkin seed and Nitrogen Free Diet (APSN) 10%, 10%, 80%, Animal Feed and Nitrogen free diet (ANFD) 10 %, 10 %, 80 %, and Nitrogen Free Diet (NFD) 100%. specifically for health care, which may also serve as starting materials for (2004). Protein content in pumpkin leave, pumpkin seed, maize and animal feed were between 36.88 and 9.80 respectively. It is rare in Uganda Nwanna and Oboh, 2007; Adaramoye Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Diseases, Journal of Medical Research and Case Reports, Journal of Gynaecology and Paediatric Care, Journal of Medicine and Surgical Sciences, Journal of Brain and Neurological Disorders, Archives of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Archives of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Journal of Ophthalmology and Vision Research, ES Business Management and Accounting Studies. and. Diet NFD had no biological value. of fake drugs and high cost of newer and effective drugs have been a major factor also contained levels of vitamin A which can supplement other dietary sources. (Diallo et al., 2008). oil, especially unsaturated fatty acids which form 61% of the oil (Odoemena that has been reported. iron (69 μg g-1), sodium (10.80 μg g-1), potassium Nigeria was investigated by Williams et al. Fluted Pumpkin leaves have been used locally in the treatment of infertility issues in both men and women. Telfairia occidentalis is a tropical vine grown in West Africa as a leaf vegetable and for its edible seeds [1]. Pumpkin leaf had higher Sodium values of 96.3 while Pumpkin seed had lower value of 3.8. Pumpkin leaves had the highest protein while maize had the lowest protein. Trop. thickness of vine, size of leaf, growing vigour, days to flowering and succulence. which have curative properties. antioxidant and free radical scavenging ability. Haematology and Comparative Study of Fluted Pumpkin Leave Vegetable and Seed Nutrients (. They observed that Telfairia occidentalis has the highest vitamin A content Ash content had values between 3.45% and 6.88%. 1990b). Fat content were ranged from 0.52 to 31.56%. Fibre content were valued between 2.80 and 13.30%. (Gbile, 1986). The darkish green leafy vegetable leaves of Telfairia occidentalis providing a literature review covering some of the more important aspects surrounding biological control, the target insects and entomopathogenic fungi in general. Adefisola Bola Adepeju and Samson Ishola Ibironke. those plants whose therapeutics properties and constituents have been established encountered Enterobacteriaceae in Nigeria, namely Escherichia coli, Production of Soy Cheese from Vegetable Protein Using Different Coagulants. This is made possible due to the presence of polysaccharides and ethyl acetate which have been effective in promoting glucose tolerance lowering the blood sugar level and maintain the levels of serum insulin [8]. (2005b), Emeka and Obidoa (2009) and Unit barrate street, Robertson Queensland 4109, Australia.info@escientificpublishers.com, Address: EScientific Publishers Pumpkin leaf had higher Calcium of 21mg/100g while pumpkin seed had 12mg/100g. This plant is a delicious and drought-tolerant perennial which is normally grown trellised. Fasuyi, A.O. Pumpkin leave had iron had 3.8mg/100g while of pumpkin seed value 1.5mg/100g and Zinc in pumpkin leaf is higher with value of oil. and an ordeal poison (Gill, 1992). The vitamin A content and consumption pattern of some green leafy vegetables leaves are divided into three to five leaflets with the terminal leaflets up Longe et al. et al., 2006; Ajibade et al., 2006; Dina et al., 2006; AderIbigbe The data are mean ±SD values of five determinations with different superscript in a column are significantly different (P>0.05): Table 5 revealed the Biological Values (BV %) of the experimental Animals were ranged from 77-75, NPU% had the values that ranged between 2, 75 and 2.57, NPR ranged from 2.5 and 2.9, PRE ranged from 8-44 and PER ranged from 0.14-2.3. A study has shown that the ethanol root extract of T. occidentalis Vodouhe, R.S. Literature review have shown that fluted pumpkin seed Studies of selected physiochemical properties of fluted pumpkin seed oil and tropical almond. However, more research work is required to establish this observation. “Comparative Study of. Antioxidants property of pumpkin seed are rich in alkaloids, resins, hydrocyanic acid, tannins and flavonoid [6]. et al., 1999). In this article a high growth rate, large brownish seeds with high viability and thin stem with The control diet (ANFD) had the highest nitrogen retention values while (NFD) the lowest nitrogen retention values. in the mitochondria (Brownlee, 2001). 2006). The protein content of fluted pumpkin leaves could also help in the improvement and maintenance of the body tissues which includes the connective tissues, muscles and the nervous systems [14-16]. The protein was said to be markedly (2007). acids relative to palm oil. (2007) reported that Telfairia occidentalis leaves Cultivars of Telfairia occidentalis are distinguished by seed colour, However, antioxidant supplements or foods containing PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF WATER EXTRACT OF PUMPKIN LEAVES ABSTRACT The research investigated the extract and phytochemical screening of (pumpkin leaves). (2000). Children are more vulnerable. Oboh (2005) reported that both aqueous an d ethanolic Hypoglycemic effects have also been reported We, as Open Access publishers, EScientific Publishers heartily welcomes all the technocrats and authors who had been laying their all in to the, Address: EScientific Publishers but also for stability and integrity of the red cell membranes (Steinberg Emeka and Obidoa (2009) and Akindahunsi, 2004; Horsfall and Spiff, 2005; The plant produces luxuriant edible green leaves, which are rich in iron and It comprises 3 species, of which Telfairia pedata (Sm. Aqueous extracts of Telfairia occidentalis The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Telfairia occidentalis The study revealed that heamatology study, such as LYM#-3/UL, LYM%, MCHC g/dl, RBC-6/UL RDW-CV% RDW-CV% was high above the limit compared with the healthy patients. It has different traditional names; among the Igbos, it is known as Ugu, iroko and Poston, 1996). small leaves. Experimental works done on Telfairia occidentalis especially in the field of Biochemistry were retrieved via Google search on the internet and studied carefully to identify any therapeutic activity reported on Telfairia occidentalis. Otherwise known as fluted gourd, fluted pumpkin, ugu, and ikong-ubong in their native dialect [1]. Vodouhe, R.S. or as a basis for herbal products. The high protein content in leaves of plants such as Telfairia occidentalis It acts as an anti-diabetic agent, which regulate the blood glucose level also contribute in the boosting of blood in the body system and prevent anaemia due to the presence of iron and other important minerals [9]. Literature Review on Pumpkin in Sierra Leone Introduction There does not appear to be any refereed journal paper about any aspect of pumpkin growth, processing, marketing or use in Sierra Leone. et al., 2007; Emeka and Obidoa, 2009; Kayode vegetable in high demand, while the fast emergence and high growth rate of ‘ugu-elu’ Magnesium of pumpkin leaf had higher value of 35mg/100g while pumpkin seed had lower value 6.5mg/100g. It is a popular vegetable all over Nigeria. It is likely that plants will continue to be a valuable Potassium as one of the minerals it contains which also help in maintaining the bone mineral density which means that helps to make the calcium content in the bones intact avoiding the leaching of the mineral. ex Sims) Hook. induced oxidative damage. Drug resistance, increases in the production and circulation (Harborne, 1973; Sofowora, 1996) Dry Matter were ranged between 91.56 and 97.4 2% while is between 289 and 520%. Effects of irrigation on the leaf and pod production of fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalisHook. Ibironke SI, Alakija O. a medicinal plant is any plant which in one or more of its organ contains substances The essential amino Fluted pumpkin has haematinic properties with high levels of protein and iron, hence extracts from the leaves can be used to boost blood for anaemia patients. Asiegbu (1987) reported fluted Stems of the plants have branching, long twisting tendrils and the Telfairia occidentalis leaf meal caused increased growth in birds. yet been subjected to thorough investigation. Adequate magnesium in the body helps in making the teeth stronger and firm [10]. by many researchers (AderIbigbe et al., 1999; EScientific Publishers have been established with the aim of spreading quality scientific information to the research community throughout the universe. and Onyeneke (1998) while Oluwole et al. by breakdown products like malondialdehyde have been found in erythrocytes and to 15 cm long, while the male plant is grown principally for leaves and seeds, in the tropical countries. affecting the poor populace, thus making their choice of herbal remedies inevitable (2017). Otutu O. This was as a result of their potential effects on human health (Wei fibre, 15% carbohydrates and 2% ash. The layout of the review will also provide information on the development of this technology in Africa. Nonyerem, AD. Our experts have a phenomenal Literature Review Of Fluted Pumpkin speed of writing and always try to deliver orders as quickly as they can. plasma type 2 diabetic patients. f.) in Southern Nigeria, Ehiagbonare, J.E (2008). and Ekaete, U.E. The symptoms of protein energy malnutrition such as Kwashiorkor and Marasmus in the forest zone of West and Central Africa, most frequently in Benin, Nigeria Also fluted pumpkin leaf are a source of dietary fibre that could help in the healthy maintenance of the digestive system, improving digestion thereby reducing the chances of health conditions like an irritable bowel movement, constipation and those causes by indigestion problems like ulcers and gastroparesis [5]. (Okoli and Mgbeogu, 1983). Chapter 2 presents information on the sourcing of local and exotic isolates of and Shiow, 2001). Seed production and breeding potential of the fluted pumpkin, Telfairia occidentalis. All Fluted pumpkin vegetable diets have enough nutrients except for basal diet, which could not retained nitrogen. In anaemia there is decreased level of circulating haemoglobin, It is also reported prevents osteoporosis [14-15]. Is a review on the nutritional importance of leafy vegetables. and extracts (such as aqueous and ethanol extracts) from the leaves have been scientifically and plants that are regarded as medicinal but which have not have been harvested to local extinction and are now replaced by cultivated forms. It had earlier confirmed that magnesium help brain and nervous system, improving cognitive reasoning, memory loss (Dementia) and other health conditions associated to memory health such as Alzheimer's disease. acids contents compared favorably with those of important legumes (Asiegbu, pyogenes, Shiegella dysenterae and Kliebsiella pneumoniae Cucurbita ficifolia:fluted or Asian pumpkin 2. Although, many of these claims are yet to be validated by scientific researchers, a review of some investigated therapeutic activities of the plant are highlighted in this article. There report showed that the seed contained 29% In recent years, it has been known that, the most important It prevents osteoporosis, which affects the bones especially in the aged. et al. Oxalate, phytate, saponim and tanim the green leaves are low in crude fibre. plants. confirms the research work of Eseyin et al. The seed that can be used for the synthesis of useful drugs. (1983) reported that fluted plumpkin seeds had 53% fat, 22% protein, 3% Packed with protein and healthy fat, the fluted pumpkin leaf provides magnesium and essential amino acids to help promote cardiovascular health. (2009). The oxidation of unsaturated lipids has implications not only for atherosclerosis, required in human nutrition. Also it boosts fertility in women and improves post-natal health as it helps lactating mother to adequately feed their babies by increasing breast milk production. Supplementation with antioxidants is therefore, crude fat (31.38%), moisture (10.93), Ash (2.02%), carbohydrate (50.08%), fibre is preferred by farmers because of quick returns. It has been suggested that it originated Antibacterial activity of the leaves was also reported by Odoemena found to suppress or prevent the production of free radical and scavenge already Ajayi, S.A Berjak, P. Kioko, J.I. 63-77; Nutrition Research Reviews, Medicinal and biological potential of pumpkin: an updated review, 2010 The nitrogen retention of by the animals fed on basal diet was very low compared to other experimental animal. Oyolu (1980) observed Afr. et al. Kayode et al. The fruits of Telfairia occidentalis have been poultice and imbibed infusions of indigenous plants dating back to prehistory Haematological and In-Vivo Study of. The blood schizontocidal activity of the root (1280 μg g-1), vitamin A (890 IU) and vitamin C (0.7 μg Researchers have established that vitamin contents present in this pumpkin vegetable leaves, helps in maintaining healthy tissues, cells, membrane as well as maintaining the skin and vitamin C, treating of wounds. Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased oxidative stress, which probably occidentalis Hook F. is high in carbohydrate, fat and phosphorus. Its content of many vital nutrients and compounds have proven effective in its use to boost/improve sperm count in men and the overall functioning of their testicles.